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Home > Landscaping > Native Plants for Western Washington Gardens and Restoration Projects
 | Abies amabilis Pacific Silver Fir An attractive conifer with short dark green needles. Tolerant of shade. Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Abies grandis Grand Fir Abies grandis is a tall, straight tree with short, dense branches. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 130-260 feet (40-80 meters). |
 | Acer circinatum Vine Maple Tall, erect, multi-trunked shrub or small tree with sprawling branches. Favors well drained moist to wet soils. Height: 13-26 feet (4-8 meters) |
 | Acer macrophyllum Big-leaf Maple A tree with a large, often multi-stemmed trunk and a loose, broad crown of large leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 65-100 feet (20-30 meters) tall with trunk 3-5 feet (1-1.5 meters)diameter. |
 | Achillea millefolium Yarrow Aromatic herb with delicate fern-like leaves and flat-topped clusters of white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 4 inches to 3 feet (10-100 cm). |
 | Achlys triphylla Vanilla Leaf Grows low to the ground, spreading by rhizomes to form dense ground cover in shady areas. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: To 12 inches (30 cm) tall. |
 | Adiantum aleuticum Maidenhair Fern This delicate, deciduous fern has five to seven fingerlike branchlets each bearing many toothed leaflets. Prefers moist soils. Height: 1-2 feet tall. |
 | Alisma plantago-aquatica Broadleaf Water-Plantain A terminal cluster of small white flowers sits above a tall leafless stem. It grows in marshy or semi-aquatic environments. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: up to 48 inches (120 cm). |
 | Allium acuminatum Taper-Tip Onion This native wild onion has grass-like basal leaves overtopped by umbels of purple flowers, and egg-shaped bulbs containing a fibrous network on the surface. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 12 inches (30 cm). |
 | Alnus rubra Red Alder A fast-growing deciduous tree well suited to disturbed sites. Grows taller in drier conditions. Height: Up to 80 feet (25 meters). |
 | Amelanchier alnifolia Serviceberry, Saskatoon Medium-sized shrub producing fragrant white flowers in late spring. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 15 feet (4.5 meters). |
 | Aquilegia formosa Red Columbine Delicate perennial with large nodding, star-shaped, spurred flowers that are a favorite of hummingbirds. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Can grow up to 3 feet (1 meter) tall. |
 | Aruncus dioicus Goat's Beard Tall perennial herb topped with large feathery clusters of white flowers, grows from rhizomes and has multiple stems. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Can grow up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) tall. |
 | Asarum caudatum Wild Ginger Low-growing evergreen perennial that smells strongly of lemon-ginger when crushed. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Can grow up to 8 inches (20 cm) tall. |
 | Aster chilensis Common California Aster A slender, sprawling perennial that produces light purple flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Can grow up to 3 ft. (100 cm.) |
 | Aster modestus Great Northern Aster A tall, much-branched perennial with numerous heads of purplish flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Grows up to 40 inches (100 cm). |
 | Aster subspicatus Douglas Aster Rhizomatous perennial wildflower with much-branched stems and light purple aster-like flower heads. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Grows up to 32 inches (80 cm). |
 | Athyrium filix-femina Lady Fern Tall, delicate, light-green fronds from a basal cluster. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Grows 3-6 feet (2 meters) tall. |
 | Betula papyrifera Paper Birch A small to medium sized deciduous tree with attractive white, peeling papery bark. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 100 feet (30 meters). |
 | Blechnum spicant Deer Fern Dark green fern leaves grow in tufts from short, stout rhizomes. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 40 inches (1 meter) tall. |
 | Boykinia occidentalis Slender Boykinia A slender herb with open panicles of small white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 24 inches (60 cm). |
 | Brodiaea hyacinthina Fool's Onion, White Brodiaea Onion-like plant from an underground corm, with large clusters of white flowers at tip of stems. Can occur in wetlands that dry out by late summer. Height: 10-30 inches (25-70 cm). |
 | Caltha biflora Marsh Marigold Perennial herb with large white flowers held above broadly rounded leaves; grows in wet subalpine meadows. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: 16 inches (40 cm). |
 | Camassia leitchlinii Great Camas Stately perennial from a deep bulb, producing spikes of large blue flowers in early spring. Needs moist soil in winter and spring, then dry in summer. Height: Up to 28 inches (70 cm). |
 | Camassia quamash Common Camas Bulbous perennial producing a spike of large blue flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 28 inches (70 cm). |
 | Castilleja miniata Red Paintbrush An attractive wildflower with red brush-like flower clusters. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 8-32 inches (20-80 cm). |
 | Ceanothus velutinus Snowbrush A tall shrub with glossy leaves and clusters of white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 10 feet (3 meters). |
 | Cerastium arvense Field Chickweed Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Claytonia perfoliata Miner's Lettuce Low-growing, mat-like herbaceous annual with succulent round leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 12 inches (30 cm). |
 | Claytonia sibirica Siberian Spring Beauty Low-growing delicate herb. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 16 inches (40 cm). |
 | Cornus stolonifera Red-osier Dogwood Spreading, thicket-forming shrub with bright red stems. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 20 feet (6 meters). |
 | Cornus unalaschkensis Bunchberry Low, trailing, rhizomatous perennial with white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 10 inches (25 cm). |
 | Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazelnut Slender, multi-trunked deciduous shrub. Prefers well-drained sites, can occur in dry soils. Height: 3 feet - 13 feet (1 meter - 4 meters). |
 | Crataegus douglasii black hawthorn large shrub or small tree with clusters of white flowers and dark purplish-black berries. Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hairgrass Densely tufted perennial grass. Can no tolerate year-round inundation. Height: Up to 4 feet (120 cm) tall. |
 | Dicentra formosa Bleeding Heart Hairless, soft stems and light green lacy leaves overtopped by small nodding clusters of pink heart-shaped flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 1.5 feet (50 cm). |
 | Disporum hookeri Hooker's Fairybells Rhizomatous perennial with sparsely branched stems and irregularly curled leaves with hanging white flowers beneath the upper leaves. Prefers moist forest understory. Height: Up to 3 feet (1 meters). |
 | Dodecatheon hendersonii Henderson's Shooting Star Leafless stems topped with nodding star-shaped pink flowers. This is our only shooting star with oval leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 1.5 feet (50 cm). |
 | Dryopteris expansa Spiny Wood Fern A semi-evergreen fern of woodland areas with triangular fronds from a stout rhizome. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: To 3 feet (1 meter) tall. |
 | Elymus glaucus Blue Wild-rye Tufted perennial grass usually forming small clumps, 0.5 to 1.5 m tall. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 20-40 inches (0.5-1 meter). |
 | Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed Tall perennial from rhizome like roots with unbranched stem and terminal spikes of large red to pink flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 10 feet (3 meters), but usually shorter than 6 feet (2 meters). |
 | Epilobium brachycarpum Tall Annual Willowherb Taprooted annual of dry, gravelly or disturbed sites. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 1-4 feet (30-120 cm) tall. |
 | Epilobium watsonii Watson's Willowherb Erect herbaceous perennial with opposite leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 5 feet (150 cm). |
 | Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail Succulent, hollow, jointed stems with whorls of branches. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: 6-24 inches (15-60 cm). |
 | Equisetum telmatiea Giant Horsetail More robust and larger than common horsetail. Sheaths around its sterile stems have 14-18 teeth. common in areas with high water tables. Height: 3-7.5 (10) feet tall; 1-2.3 (3) meters tall. |
 | Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia Fleabane Short-lived perennial with erect stem-base and taproot or fibrous roots. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 2.25 feet (70 cm). |
 | Eriophorum chamissonis Chamisso's Cotton-grass Extensive beds growing from spreading rhizomes or stolons with tufts of cotton-like seed heads. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: 8-28 inches (20-70 cm). |
 | Erythronium oregonum White Fawn Lily Showy white lily from segmented corm. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Flower stem up to 1 feet (30 cm) tall. |
 | Erythronium revolutum Pink fawn lily Large nodding pink flowers grow from a thick and segmented corm. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 14 inches (35 cm). |
 | Fragaria chiloensis Coastal Strawberry Spreads low across ground with runners. White flowers and small red strawberries. Never found far from the sea. Height: Up to 10 inches (25 cm). |
 | Fragaria vesca Woodland strawberry A wild strawberry with thin leaves, low, short runners, white flowers, and small red strawberries. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 10 inches (25 cm). |
 | Fragaria virginiana Wild strawberry Low growing wild strawberry with runners, white flowers, and small red strawberries. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 10 inches (25 cm). |
 | Fraxinus latifolia Oregon Ash Tough-wooded tree with gray bark and compound leaflets arranged oppositely around twigs. Prefers to be near streams or areas that flood. Height: Up to 82 feet (25 meters). |
 | Fritillaria lanceolata Chocolate Lily, Rice Root Rare herb to 80 cm tall from bulb with numerous rice-like bulblets; flowers are mottled maroon and yellow. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 32 inches (80 cm). |
 | Galium aparine Cleavers, Bedstraw Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Galium trifidum Small Bedstraw Sprawling perennial with numerous stems from slender rhizomes. FACW+ Height: up to 28 inches (70 cm). |
 | Gaultheria shallon Salal Creeping to erect shrub with hairy branching stems and dark leathery leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 16 feet (5 meters) in exceptional cases but typically 3-7 feet (1-2 m) tall. |
 | Geum macrophyllum Large-leaved Avens Hairy perennial with short rhizomes and big leaves topped by small yellow flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 3 feet (1 meters). |
 | Gilia capitata Globe Gilia Upright taprooted annual with large ball-like heads of blue flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 3 feet (1 meter). |
 | Glyceria elata Tall Mannagrass, Fowl Mannagrass Tall wetland grass. FACW+ Height: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters). |
 | Glyceria grandis Reed Mannagrass very similar to G. elata FACW+ Height: up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) |
 | Goodyera oblongifolia Rattlesnake Plantain Evergreen orchid from short rhizomes with an unusual mottled leaf pattern. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 1.5 feet (45 cm). |
 | Grindelia integrifolia Entire-leaved Gumweed Seaside perennial with sticky heads of yellow flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Can grow up to 32 inches (80 cm) in height. |
 | Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak Fern Delicate, deciduous fronds. Usually solitary, but often forms a mat of herbaceous cover in forests. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: To 16 inches (40 cm). |
 | Heuchera micrantha Small-flowered Alumroot Grows from rhizomes with one to many flower stems that are reddish and covered with fine hairs and topped with delicate panicles of tiny white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 2 feet (60 cm). |
 | Holodiscus discolor Oceanspray Multi-stemmed upright shrub with ridged young stems and arching older stems with peeling bark. White flowers. Common in dry and moist habitats. Height: Up to 13 feet (4 meters). |
 | Hordeum brachyantherum Meadow Barley Grass with erect stems that are bent at the base and sometimes hairy on the leaf sheaths. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 3 feet (90 cm). |
 | Hydrophyllum tenuipes Pacific Waterleaf Single leafy, hairy stem grows from rhizomes and fleshy fibrous roots; with small clusters of greenish-white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 32 inches (80 cm). |
 | Iris tenax Oregon Iris Clumped, perennial iris with large purple flowers. Prefers areas that are wet in spring and dry in summer. Height: Up to 16 inches (40 cm). |
 | Juncus tenuis Slender Rush Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Larix occidentalis Western Larch Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea Evergreen, branching shrub with rusty-hairy leaf undersides and white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters). |
 | Lilium columbianum Tiger Lily Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Linnaea borealis Twinflower Trailing, slender, semi-woody, with short erect leafy stems and dainty bell-shaped flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 4 inches (10 cm). |
 | Lomatium utriculatum Spring Gold Perennial herb with finely lacey foliage and flat-topped umbels of bright yellow flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Lonicera ciliosa Orange Honeysuckle Climbing vine with clusters of tubular bright orange flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Typically up to 20 feet (6 meters). |
 | Lonicera involucrata Twinberry Tall shrub with opposite leaves and pairs of small yellow flowers in leaf axils. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 10 feet (3 meters tall). |
 | Luetkea pectinata Partridgefoot Low-growing ground cover with spikes of small white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 6 inches (3 cm) tall. |
 | Lupinus polyphyllus Large-leaved Lupine A large perennial native forb with spikes of blue flowers from one to many hairy stems. Moist to wet. Height: 3-6 feet (1-2 meters). |
 | Lysichiton americanum Skunk Cabbage A wetland plant with very large waxy erect leaves and yellow flower spikes enclosed in a large yellow sheath. Prefers wet habitat. Height: 1-5 feet (30-150 cm). |
 | Mahonia aquifolium Tall Oregon Grape Erect, stiff-branched shrub with holly-like leaves and clusters of yellow flowers. More tolerant of drier sites than Mahonia nervosa. Height: 2.5 - 6.5 feet (0.8 meters - 2 meters). |
 | Mahonia nervosa Dull Oregon Grape Low-growing creeping shrub with dark green holly-like leaves and slender spikes of yellow flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 2 feet (60 cm) tall. |
 | Maianthemum dilatatum False Lily-of-the-Valley Quickly spreading ground cover with attractive glossy green leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 12 inches (30 cm) tall. |
 | Malus fusca Pacific Crabapple Small tree, slender in form, appears thorny; bushy in the open. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: 16.5-40 feet (5-12 meters). |
 | Mentha arvensis Field Mint A wild mint with small groups of light purple flowers in the leaf axils. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Mimulus lewisii Pink Monkey-flower A clump forming perennial with large pinkish-red flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Oemleria cerasiformis Indian Plum, Osoberry Deciduous shrub producing clusters of white flowers in very early spring. One of the earliest plants to bloom. Tolerant of fluctuating water tables. Height: 16.5 feet (5 meters). |
 | Oplopanax horridus Devil's Club An erect to sprawling shrub with thick, spiny, crooked stems and very large leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 10 feet (3 meters). |
 | Oxalis oregana Wood Sorrel A delicate herb with clover-like leaves and white to pink flowers, forming carpets in forested areas. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Penstemon davidsonii Davidson's Penstemon Low mat-forming perennial with small evergreen leaves and large blue-purple tubular flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) tall. |
 | Penstemon serrulatus Coast Penstemon Perennial, sprawling sub-shrub from a woody stem base, with large purple tubular flowers at stem tips. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 8-28 inches (20-70 cm). |
 | Petasites palmatus Palmate Coltsfoot Many-stemmed perennial with umbrella-like leaves from creeping rhizomes. FACW- Height: Up to 30 inches (80 cm). |
 | Philadelphus lewisii Mock Orange Erect, loosely branched shrub with large fragrant white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 10 feet (3 meters). |
 | Phlox diffusa Spreading Phlox Mat forming perennial with showy white to pink flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 4 inches (10 cm). |
 | Physocarpus capitatus Pacific Ninebark Erect to spreading shrub up to 4 meters tall with clusters of white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 13 feet (4 meters). |
 | Picea sitchensis Sitka spruce Large tree with horizontal branches and drooping branchlets Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 200 feet (60 meters) tall. |
 | Pinus contorta Shore Pine Short pine tree, often with crooked trunk and bushy habit. Tolerant of salt spray. Height: Up to 100 feet (30 meters). |
 | Platanthera dilatata White Rein-Orchid, Bog Candle Perennial orchid with spikes of white flowers from tuber-like roots. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 28 inches (70 cm). |
 | Plectritis congesta Sea Blush Delicate annual herb with large dense clusters of small pink flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 2 feet (60 cm). |
 | Polystichum munitum Sword Fern A large attractive fern with erect evergreen fronds forming a circular crown. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 3-5 feet (1-1.5 meters). |
 | Populus balsamifera Black Cottonwood Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen Deciduous thicket-forming tree with smooth white bark and leaves that "quake" in the wind. Can tolerate a wide range of moisture levels. |
 | Potentilla anserina ssp. pacifica Silverweed Low growing hairy herb with runners and solitary yellow flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 16 inches (40 cm). |
 | Potentilla gracilis Graceful Cinquefoil Light green herb with toothed palmate leaves and diffuse panicles of yellow, saucer-shaped flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 32 inches (80 cm). |
 | Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata Self Heal Fibrous-rooted perennial from short rhizome or stem-base with small purple flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 20 inches (50 cm). |
 | Prunus emarginata var. mollis Bitter Cherry Shrub or small tree with white flowers and small red cherries. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 50 feet (15 meters). |
 | Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir Large coniferous tree with thick, fluted bark. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 300 feet (90 meters). |
 | Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern Rhizomous perennial fern with large, much-divided solitary fronds, Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Usually 3-6 feet (1-2 meters) tall, sometimes taller. |
 | Pyrola asarifolia Pink Wintergreen A small woodland herb with a basal clump of glossy green leaves and slender spikes of pink flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Ranunculus occidentalis Western Buttercup Slender perennial herb with fibrous roots and yellow flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 2 feet (60 cm). |
 | Rhamnus purshiana Cascara Erect, tall shrub or small tree with alternate leaves and inconspicuous flower clusters. FAC- Height: Up to 33 feet (10 meters). |
 | Rhododendron macrophyllum Pacific Rhododendron Showy shrub that can grow very large, with clusters of large pink flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 26 feet (8 meters) if grown in shade; shorter and bushier in sunlight. |
 | Ribes lacustre Black Gooseberry Erect to spreading shrub with spiny stems. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 6.5 feet (2 meters). |
 | Rorippa curvisiliqua Curvepod Yellowcress Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Rosa gymnocarpa Baldhip Rose Spindly shrub with brittle weak straight spines and small pink rose flowers. Common in moist and dry habitats. Height: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters). |
 | Rosa nutkana Nootka Rose Spindly shrub with a pair of prickles at the base of each leaf and large pink rose flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 10 feet (3 meters). |
 | Rosa pisocarpa Swamp Rose Thicket forming shrub with spiny stems and clusters of pink rose flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Rubus spectabilis Salmonberry Erect and branching shrub with early spring pink flowers and reddish-orange raspberry-like fruits. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: Up to 13 feet (4 meters). |
 | Rubus ursinus Trailing Blackberry Trailing prickly vine producing small blackberries in late summer. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 20 inches (50 cm). |
 | Salix lucida Pacific Willow Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Salix sitchensis Sitka Willow Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Sambucus racemosa Red Elderberry Shrub to small tree with clusters of small white flowers and red berries. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 20 feet (6 meters). |
 | Scirpus microcarpus Small-flowered Bulrush Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Sisyrinchium californicum Golden-eyed Grass A small iris-like plant with yellow flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: 16 inches (40 cm). |
 | Sisyrinchium idahoense Blue-eyed Grass A small clump-forming iris-like plant with small blue flowers. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: 28 inches (40 cm). |
 | Smilacina racemosa False Solomon's Seal Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Smilacina stellata Starflowered False Solomon's Seal Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Solidago canadensis Canada Goldenrod Forms patches from long creeping rhizomes. Stems leafy and hairy near the top, with a dense cluster of small yellow flowers. Common in dry and moist habitats. Height: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters). |
 | Sorbus sitchensis Sitka-Mountain Ash Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Spiraea densiflora Subalpine Spirea Low mound-forming shrub with rounded clusters of intense pink tiny flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 3 feet (1 meter) tall. |
 | Spiraea douglasii Douglas' Spirea Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. |
 | Stachys cooleyae Cooley's Hedge Nettle Perennial from rhizomes. Prefers moist habitat, common along coast. Height: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters). |
 | Streptopus amplexifolius Clasping Twisted Stalk Perennial herb with a branched zigzagging stem and dangling white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 3 feet (1 meter). |
 | Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry Erect shrub with attractive white berries that persist through the winter. Can tolerate fluctuating water tables. Height: Up to 6.5 feet (2 meters). |
 | Taxus brevifolia Western Yew Low-growing conifer with deep red-brown bark, flattened sprays of needles, and red berry-like cones. Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Tellima grandiflora Fringecup Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Thuja plicata Western Red Cedar Large conifer with branches that droop and then turn back up (J-shaped), broad crowns. Can establish in drier sites with rich soils. Height: 100-230 feet (30-70 meters). |
 | Tiarella trifoliata Foamflower Herb with erect or ascending stems and spikes of dainty white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 2 feet (60 cm). |
 | Tolmiea menziesii Piggy-back Plant A woodland herb whose leaves give rise to small plantlets. Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Trientalis latifolia Broad-leaved Starflower A small delicate herb with a single whorl of leaves topped by several small, pink, star-shaped flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Trillium ovatum Western Trillium Short stout stems topped with a whorl of three leaves and a single large white flower. Preferred moisture levels: wet, moist. Height: 12-18 inches (30-45 cm). |
 | Tsuga heterophylla Western hemlock Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. |
 | Tsuga mertensiana Mountain Hemlock Slow growing evergreen conifer. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: Up to 40 meters (130 ft) tall, but often shorter. |
 | Urtica dioica Stinging Nettle Tall perennial herb with deciduous leaves covered in stinging hairs. Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Vaccinium ovatum Evergreen huckleberry Bushy shrub with small shiny green evergreen leaves and small clusters of pink bell-shaped flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: Up to 4 meters (13 ft) tall. |
 | Vaccinium parvifolium Red Huckleberry Delicately branched shrub with small red huckleberries, suitable for shady areas on decaying wood. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 4-10 feet (1.5-3 meters). |
 | Vancouveria hexandra Inside-out Flower Rhizomatous perennial with small white flowers and delicate leaves. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 16 inches (40 cm). |
 | Viburnum edule High Bush Cranberry Shrub with bright red berries and brilliant fall foliage. Preferred moisture levels: moist. Height: 3-9 feet (1-3 meters) tall. |
 | Viola adunca Early-blue Violet A blue flowered violet that grows from slender rhizomes and is stemless in the early season, later grow upright stem. Common in dry and moist habitats. Height: Up to 4 inches (10 cm). |
 | Viola glabella Yellow Wood Violet An attractive yellow-flowered violet of moist open woodlands. Preferred moisture levels: moist. |
 | Xerophyllum tenax Beargrass Forms a tall grass-like clump of tough leaves topped by a large dense cluster of white flowers. Preferred moisture levels: moist, dry. Height: 3-5 feet (1-1.5 meters). |
The landscaping and restoration information provided on this page is taken from Starflower Foundation Image Herbarium. All photographs © Starflower Foundation unless otherwise noted.